What is NVOCC?
An NVOCC (Non-Vessel-Operating Common Carrier) is a carrier in ocean freight that does not operate ships but issues its own House Bills of Lading (HBL) and sells capacity it buys from vessel-operating carriers (VOCCs).
How it works
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Capacity procurement: books container space with multiple shipping lines.
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Consolidation: combines LCL shipments and manages FCL movements.
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Documentation: issues HBL to the shipper; receives a Master B/L (MBL) from the carrier.
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Network & handling: uses agents/depots for pre/on-carriage, customs, and final delivery.
NVOCC vs. Forwarder vs. VOCC
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NVOCC: acts as the contracting carrier toward the shipper; sets its own rates/terms and issues HBL.
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Freight forwarder: primarily an intermediary/arranger; may not issue a carrier B/L unless also licensed as NVOCC.
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VOCC: the shipping line operating vessels; issues the MBL.

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